It has been shown that soldiers do not need commanders to issue orders to torture in order to commit acts of torture. Rather, soldiers need commanders to issue orders that prevent them from committing acts of torture. Normal human beings placed in combat circumstances may be liable to torture unless institutions shape their behavior.
Source:
“The Absolute In-Practice Human Right Against Torture” by Ian Fishback, Philosophy Now, issue 118, February/March 2017
https://philosophynow.org/issues/118/The_Absolute_In-Practice_Human_Right_Against_Torture
Acapnotic acataleptic’s afflated adoxography 